60 Anniversary Comet PCT

July 10, 2025

PCT turns 60 years old. A look back at years of innovation and curiosity.

In 2025, PCT turned 60 years old.

A look back at years of innovation and curiosity. 

In a small laboratory on the third floor of Comet’s X-ray factory in Liebefeld near Berne, Switzerland, a group of dedicated specialists embarked on a journey that would shape the future of Comet. From humble beginnings with vacuum capacitors for the broadcast industry to becoming a key player in RF power supply systems, Comet's commitment to quality and customer support has been unwavering. Explore the evolution of Comet PCT, from its origins as an alternative product line to its integral role in the company's success today.

At the same time as Gordon Moore’s observation changed the course of technology forever, Comet in Switzerland had realized that – while growing with its X-ray tube business – focusing on such a narrow area posed risks. For several years they were looking into alternative fields of business. Ideally, one that would align with Comet’s existing equipment and its engineers’ knowledge of vacuum and high-voltage technology. They finally found it in the manufacturing of vacuum capacitors, which is pretty close to that of X-ray tubes: mechanical processing, surface treatment, pre-annealing, glass-blowing/ceramic technology and pumping processes are the same, only when it comes to forming and testing, the vacuum capacitor production goes its own way. 

Already at that time, the field of Radio Frequency (RF) showed more growth potential than X-ray technology, catching the attention of Comet’s executives. In the construction of broadcasting stations, vacuum capacitors were becoming preferred over oil capacitors due to safety reasons. Despite the market offering around 150 vacuum capacitor types, Comet chose to focus on just three complex types that were not suited for mass production to maximize profits. They avoided less critical capacitors to avoid costly investments in automated manufacturing. Instead, they concentrated on high-end ceramic capacitors with variable capacity, aiming to persuade European customers to switch from glass to vacuum capacitors with competitive pricing.

1965 - 1990

Foundation Vakuum Kondensatoren AG 

At the annual shareholders meeting 1965, Dr. Beat Steck (the son of Gerhard Steck, Comet’s founder) presented the potential of Vacuum Capacitor production and asked to start a pilot project. Soon, the Vakuum Kondensatoren AG was founded. A small group of dedicated specialists worked on the new product and three years later the first lot of broadcast capacitors was provided for the high power shortwave transmitters of BBC.

1965 - Foundation

Development of vacuum capacitors was an evolution, no revolution. In the beginning, other capacitors were bought, cut open and copied via reverse engineering.

Blog post

1968 - First serialized lot

The first serialized lot of variable capacitors CV3C-650E/50, today named MAMi-Con, was delivered to BBC for broadcasting stations.

1978 - Pumping unit

Big progress came with the first pumping unit that could pump 7 big vaccaps simultaneously, 3 times per week. The pumping process helps to achieve highest product quality and longevity – the machine thus laid the foundation for the well-known Comet quality.

1978 - Start semi business

First semiconductor business in Japan with distributor Comcraft that is a valued partner till today.

1979 - Spiral winding

Introduction of the unique spiral winding technology that enables self centered electrodes and one-shot fabrication of small vacuum capacitors.

1980s - International business

The majority of the customers were always outside of Switzerland; first in Italy and Germany, soon also in the US and in Japan. Customers were mainly broadcast stations, wood processing companies, but also the aviation industry.

1986 - Turbulence water cooling

First variable vacuum capacitors built with the highly-efficient turbulence water cooling system that enables RF currents of over 1000 Amperes used in the modern high power short wave transmitters.

1989 - Downturn

The Berlin Wall opens and with the end of the Cold War the shortwave transmitters lose their political significance. This new geopolitical situation means a severe slump in business.

1990 - 2010

Gain the semiconductor market in the 1990s

Challenged by the new situation, Comet sought to establish a presence in the US, focusing on the Semiconductor industry. This period was marked by significant growth and a wave of innovation. Numerous new vacuum capacitor variants were introduced to meet the diverse requirements of our clientele. Concurrently, our manufacturing capabilities evolved to align with these advancements. Electro polishing underwent modernization, CNC technology was implemented, and new cutting-edge machinery, including soldering furnaces and new equipment for vacuum pumping and electrical conditioning, were integrated into our operations facilities.

1990 - Win US market

In a strategic move to establish a presence in the US market, the vaccap business piggybacked on X-ray that has just opened the Comet North America subsidiary in Norwalk/CT.

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1994 - Win Lam as customer

Gaining traction in the semiconductor market through the first delivery of long-life vacuum capacitors to LAM Research Corporation, the leading company in Etching Tools for Conductor Films in the US.

1997 - Lead screw coating

Introduction of a lead screw coating that expands the reliability of drive systems used in variable capacitors for the semiconductor industry beyond one million full cycles.

1997 - Mini-Cap

Introduction of the first Mini-Cap fixed vacuum capacitor series, based on a brand-new manufacturing method that enables highest current capabilities. Long lifetime in a compact size.

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2002 - Move to Flamatt

Growing space requirements resulted in the relocation from Liebefeld/Bern to Flamatt (Switzerland).

2003 - Subsidiary in Shanghai

Opening of the Comet China subsidiary in Shanghai to serve the growing Asia market with high quality products.

2004 - Motorized Capacitor

Introduction of the first motorized variable capacitor to facilitate the integration of VC in matchbox designs of our customers. Due to the stepping-motor the ID dramatically reduces procurement and assembly lead times and additionally ensures an easy installation.

2005 - Start match business

US customer Lam wanted to outsource their match production and asked Comet to build them. Soon also Applied Materials got in touch for match services. The decision to become active in this field of business was discussed controversially at Comet, as we competed against our own customers.

2006 - Supplier award

Therefore, Comet's goal was to execute the match production really well and become successful as fast as possible. For our effort and the successful execution, Comet soon got a supplier award from Lam.

2007 - Coil winding

The match business was driven forwards and the match design teams both in Switzerland and in the US were growing. To raise the quality, an own coil winder machine was bought.

2010 - 2025

Expand the value chain

A big step forward: with the decision to expand further in the value chain and to not only produce vacuum capacitors as components but also impedance matching networks and generators, the division changed their name into Plasma Control Technologies. This led to expansion in the existing locations but also the foundation of new sites, mainly in Asia.

2011 - PCT is born

BUVC (Business Unit Vacuum Capacitors) was renamed in “Plasma Control Technologies” to show its focus on complete power supply systems to control plasma processes.

2011 - Start generator business

Strategic move to expand further in the value chain: the acquisition of the Stolberg HF-Technik AG in Germany aimed to gain a foothold in the RF generator market.

2013 - Start Korea business

Opening of a subsidiary in Suwon, Korea.

2018 - smartLAB

Building up a team of RF experts, followed by the introduction of the smartLAB in Flamatt that offers the necessary infrastructure to develop an own RF generator solution.

2020 - Asia Design Center

As the R&D team in San Jose had to be very focused on the demanding customers in Silicon Valley, the Asia Design Center was established in Korea to design matches specifically for Asian customers.

2020 - Industry 4.0 in Aachen

The Stolberg facility moves to Aachen/Germany in a bigger and better equipped building. Next step is to build up a high-tech manufacturing line for the new RF generator product range.

2020 - Manufacturing site Penang

In Penang/Malaysia, known as the Silicon Valley of the East, a state-of-the-art manufacturing site is opened.

2020 - Sales office Taiwan

After collaborating with a local distributor for many years, Comet decided to drive the local business themselves and opened a sales office in Hsinchu, Taiwan.

2022 - Launch Synertia

Launch of the Synertia RF Power Delivery Platform at Semicon West, presenting Comet's first two RF generators for the semiconductor industry.

2024 - One PCT

Start of the One PCT initiative to become more flexible and with that scalable, resilient and ready for further growth.

2024 - Sales office Japan

Comet starts to do direct business in Japan by opening a Sales office in Yokohama, Japan, where Comet IXS is located since many years. The vacuum capacitor business remains with the trusted distributor Comcraft.

2025 - 60 anniversary

Comet PCT celebrates 60 successful years in business.

Coming soon

Opening of Comet’s Asian hub in an own building in Penang. High volume manufacturing of matchboxes and vacuum capacitors.

Celebrating Milestones

Check out our history video and dive into the story of Comet PCT to witness how our company evolved in sync with the world's pivotal moments that have defined our journey through time and technology.

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